Wednesday, November 22, 2017

Fiddler : Some tips

Doing some Fiddler traces recently and these tips helped me.

Modern browsers are far stricter about security and using Fiddler sometimes blocks a process that works fine without.

These settings help:


Also, sometimes you can't get round an issue.

What you can do is use IE's Developer Tools (F12).


Network tab - "Export captured traffic".

Then import the saved file into Fiddler.


If you use Chrome, you can save the trace as a .har file.

You can "Import Sessions" on Fiddler and then select  "HTTPArchive".

Enjoy!

Monday, November 20, 2017

ADFS : ADFS Help

This tool has been extended with more scripts and tooling.



For the log tools:

"AdfsEventsModule Overview

This module provides tools for gathering related ADFS events from the security, admin, and debug logs, across multiple servers. This tool also allows the user to reconstruct the HTTP request/response headers from the logs.

Cmdlets in AdfsEventsModule

This module exposes two cmdlets:

Get-ADFSEvents

and

Write-ADFSEventsSummary

The detailed parameters for each are provided below.

The Get-ADFSEvents cmdlet is used to aggregate events by correlation ID, while the Write-ADFSEventsSummary cmdlet is used to generate a PowerShell Table of only the most relevant logging information from the events that are piped in."

For the Diagnostics,  this downloads a PowerShell module that you need to import:

import-module -name .\ADFSDiagnostics.psm1 -verbose
VERBOSE: Loading module from path 'C:\junk\ADFSDiagnostics.psm1'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Get-AdfsServerConfiguration'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Get-AdfsServerTrace'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Get-AdfsSystemInformation'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Get-AdfsVersionEx'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Receive-AdfsServerTrace'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Set-ADFSDiagTestMode'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Start-AdfsServerTrace'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Test-AdfsServerHealth'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Test-AdfsServerHealthSingleCheck'.
VERBOSE: Importing function 'Test-AdfsServerToken'.


Some examples:

Get-AdfsSystemInformation

OSVersion                 : 10.0.14393.0
OSName                    : Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Datacenter
MachineDomain             : dev.local
IPAddress                 : 100.75.64.15
TimeZone                  : Coordinated Universal Time
LastRebootTime            : 10/24/2017 6:49:22 PM
MachineType               : Virtual Machine
NumberOfLogicalProcessors : 1
MaxClockSpeed             : 2394
PhsicalMemory             : 1792
Hosts                     : {}
Hotfixes                  : {KB4023834, KB3199986, KB4013418, KB4035631...}
AdfsWmiProperties         : {ConfigurationDatabaseConnectionString, ConfigurationServiceAddress,
                            ConfigurationChannelMaxMessageSizeInBytes}
SslBindings               : {System.Collections.Hashtable, System.Collections.Hashtable, System.Collections.Hashtable,
                            System.Collections.Hashtable...}
AdfssrvServiceAccount     : DEV\xxx
AdfsVersion               : 3.0
Role                      : STS
Top10ProcessesByMemory    : {@{Name=Microsoft.Sirona.OMS.Security.BaselineAssessment; MemoryInMB=80.625;
                            MemoryPercentOfTotal=4.49916294642857},
                            @{Name=Microsoft.Identity.AadConnect.Health.AadSync.Host; MemoryInMB=76.25390625;
                            MemoryPercentOfTotal=4.25524030412946}, @{Name=miiserver; MemoryInMB=57.1640625;
                            MemoryPercentOfTotal=3.18995884486607}, @{Name=MsMpEng; MemoryInMB=47.8046875;
                            MemoryPercentOfTotal=2.66767229352679}...}
AdHealthAgentInformation  : AdHealthAgentInformation


Get-AdfsServerConfiguration

ADFSSyncProperties                        : Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.SyncPropertiesBase
ADFSAttributeStore                        : {Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AttributeStore,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AttributeStore}
ADFSCertificate                           : {@{Certificate=[Subject]
                                              CN=xxx

                                            [Issuer]
                                              CN=xxx

                                            [Serial Number]
                                              62...D7

                                            [Not Before]
                                              8/21/2017 12:00:00 PM

                                            [Not After]
                                              8/28/2027 12:00:00 PM

                                            [Thumbprint]
                                              24...35
                                            ; CertificateType=Service-Communications; IsPrimary=True; StoreName=My;
                                            StoreLocation=LocalMachine;
                                            Thumbprint=24...35},
                                            @{Certificate=[Subject]
                                              CN=ADFS Encryption - xxx

                                            [Issuer]
                                              CN=ADFS Encryption - xxx

                                            [Serial Number]
                                              70...6B

                                            [Not Before]
                                              11/2/2017 8:31:02 PM

                                            [Not After]
                                              11/2/2018 8:31:02 PM

                                            [Thumbprint]
                                              ED...13
                                            ; CertificateType=Token-Decrypting; IsPrimary=True; StoreName=My;
                                            StoreLocation=CurrentUser;
                                            Thumbprint=ED...13},
                                            @{Certificate=[Subject]
                                              CN=ADFS Signing - xxx

                                            [Issuer]
                                              CN=ADFS Signing - xxx

                                            [Serial Number]
                                              6B...00

                                            [Not Before]
                                              11/2/2017 8:31:14 PM

                                            [Not After]
                                              11/2/2018 8:31:14 PM

                                            [Thumbprint]
                                              D1...F3
                                            ; CertificateType=Token-Signing; IsPrimary=True; StoreName=My;
                                            StoreLocation=CurrentUser;
                                            Thumbprint=D1...F3},
                                            @{Certificate=[Subject]
                                              CN=ADFS Encryption - xxx

                                            [Issuer]
                                              CN=ADFS Encryption - xxx

                                            [Serial Number]
                                              4C...95

                                            [Not Before]
                                              11/22/2016 7:34:42 PM

                                            [Not After]
                                              11/22/2017 7:34:42 PM

                                            [Thumbprint]
                                              94...35
                                            ; CertificateType=Token-Decrypting; IsPrimary=False; StoreName=My;
                                            StoreLocation=CurrentUser;
                                            Thumbprint=94...35}...}
ADFSClaimDescription                      : {Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.ClaimDescription,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.ClaimDescription,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.ClaimDescription,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.ClaimDescription...}
ADFSEndpoint                              : {Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.Endpoint,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.Endpoint,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.Endpoint,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.Endpoint...}
ADFSProperties                            : Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.ServiceProperties
ADFSRelyingPartyTrustCount                : 4
ADFSClaimsProviderTrustCount              : 6
ADFSConfigurationDatabaseConnectionString : Data Source=np:\\.\pipe\microsoft##wid\tsql\query;Initial
                                            Catalog=AdfsConfigurationV3;Integrated Security=True
AdfssrvServiceAccount                     : DEV\xxx
AdfsVersion                               : 3.0
AadTrustStatus                            : Not Configured
ADFSAdditionalAuthenticationRule          :
ADFSClient                                : {Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AdfsClient,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AdfsClient,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AdfsClient,
                                            Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AdfsClient...}
ADFSGlobalAuthenticationPolicy            : Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.AdfsGlobalAuthenticationPolic
                                            y
ADFSDeviceRegistration                    : Microsoft.IdentityServer.Management.Resources.DeviceRegistrationServiceObject


Test-AdfsServerHealth | ft Name,Result  -AutoSize

Name                                                         Result
----                                                         ------
IsAdfsRunning                                                  Pass
IsWidRunning                                                   Pass
PingFederationMetadata                                         Pass
CheckAdfsSslBindings                                           Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Primary-NotFoundInStore    NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Primary-IsSelfSigned       NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Primary-PrivateKeyAbsent   NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Primary-Expired              Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Primary-Revoked              Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Primary-AboutToExpire      NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Primary-NotFoundInStore       NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Primary-IsSelfSigned          NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Primary-PrivateKeyAbsent      NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Primary-Expired                 Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Primary-Revoked                 Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Primary-AboutToExpire         NotRun
Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-NotFoundInStore                   Pass
Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-IsSelfSigned                      Fail
Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-PrivateKeyAbsent                  Pass
Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-Expired                           Pass
Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-Revoked                           Pass
Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-AboutToExpire                     Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Secondary-NotFoundInStore  NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Secondary-IsSelfSigned     NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Secondary-PrivateKeyAbsent NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Secondary-Expired            Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Secondary-Revoked            Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Decrypting-Secondary-AboutToExpire    NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Secondary-NotFoundInStore     NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Secondary-IsSelfSigned        NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Secondary-PrivateKeyAbsent    NotRun
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Secondary-Expired               Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Secondary-Revoked               Pass
Test-Certificate-Token-Signing-Secondary-AboutToExpire       NotRun
CheckFarmDNSHostResolution                                     Pass
CheckDuplicateSPN                                              Pass
TestServiceAccountProperties                                   Pass
TestAppPoolIDMatchesServiceID                                NotRun
TestComputerNameEqFarmName                                     Pass
TestSSLUsingADFSPort                                         NotRun
TestSSLCertSubjectContainsADFSFarmName                         Pass
TestAdfsAuditPolicyEnabled                                     Fail
TestAdfsRequestToken                                           Pass
CheckOffice365Endpoints                                        Pass
TestADFSO365RelyingParty                                     NotRun
TestNtlmOnlySupportedClientAtProxyEnabled                      Fail


Test-AdfsServerHealth | where {$_.Result -eq "Fail"} | fl

Name             : Test-Certificate-SSL-Primary-IsSelfSigned
Result           : Fail
Detail           : SSL certificate with thumbprint 24...35 is self-signed.
Output           : {Thumbprint}
ExceptionMessage :

Name             : TestAdfsAuditPolicyEnabled
Result           : Fail
Detail           : Audits are not configured for Usage data collection : Expected 'Success and Failure', Actual='No
                   Auditing'
Output           : {StsAuditConfig, MachineAuditPolicy}
ExceptionMessage :

Name             : TestNtlmOnlySupportedClientAtProxyEnabled
Result           : Fail
Detail           : NtlmOnlySupportedClientAtProxy is disabled; extranet users can experience authentication failure.

Output           : {NtlmOnlySupportedClientAtProxy}
ExceptionMessage :


More examples here.

Enjoy!

Wednesday, November 15, 2017

ADFS : ADFS 4.0 with SPA

This is for Server 2016 with a single page application.

There is a sample that shows how to do this but you will see many comments along the lines of "I can authenticate but when I call the API I get "Authorization has been denied for this request" ".

This error is typically invoked when either the "audience" or the "issuer" is wrong.

Once you have authenticated, look at the token you received under the "User" tab e.g.

Id_token content
aud:https://localhost:44326/
iss:https://some-adfs/adfs

Ensure these are the values configured for "Audience" and "Issuer" in the "appSettings".

They are case-sensitive!

The sample is a badly hacked Azure AD one and still has references to this all over the place.

It is also confusing because it refers to constructs like "tenant" which mean nothing in the ADFS world.

Also the clientID is a string (as in Azure AD) rather than a GIUD that is automatically generated for you when you create the application.

It needs to be rewritten to make it ADFS centric!

The other problem is that it uses implicit flow and there are contradictory articles that mention that you cannot get extra or custom claims with this flow because it would make the query string too long?

My understanding is that to get the custom claims, you need to do a POST whereas adal.js does a GET. This requires the claims to be in the URL which is not secure and may make the URL too long.

This is a restriction of adal.js; not a restriction of the protocol.

This post suggests that you can fix the problem by proxying the GET to a POST.

Also of interest is that using the identityserver oidc-client-js stack instead of adal.js does not have have this problem. But then you lose the goodness of ADAL.

Claims rules are a huge part of the advantage of ADFS. It's a pity that they can't be used in this scenario.

Enjoy!

Monday, November 06, 2017

ADFS : Application Groups

ADFS 4.0 manages OpenID Connect / OAuth connections via the "Application Groups" folder.

There are three kinds:
  • Native application
  • Server application
  • Web API
which leads to the following combinations:
  • Native application accessing web API
  • Server application accessing Web API
Plus the odd one out:
  • Web browser accessing web application
The PowerShell cmdlets split into three separate commands:
  • Get-AdfsNativeClientApplication
  • Get-AdfsServerApplication
  • Get-AdfsWebApiApplication
So although you can create an application with a web API in one pass through the wizard, the separate components need to be accessed via PowerShell.

Examples:

Get-AdfsNativeClientApplication

Name                       : MyApp  - Native application
Identifier                 : b2...27
ApplicationGroupIdentifier : MyApp
Description                :
Enabled                    : True
RedirectUri                : {https://blah}

Get-AdfsServerApplication

ADUserPrincipalName                  :
ClientSecret                         : ********
JWTSigningCertificateRevocationCheck : None
JWTSigningKeys                       : {}
JWKSUri                              :
Name                                 : My server application
Identifier                           : 8e...44
ApplicationGroupIdentifier           : MyApp
Description                          :
Enabled                              : True
RedirectUri                          : {https://blah}

Get-AdfsWebApiApplication

Name                                 : My Web API
Identifier                           : {https://blah/webapi}
AccessControlPolicyName              : Permit everyone
AccessControlPolicyParameters        :
AdditionalAuthenticationRules        :
AllowedAuthenticationClassReferences : {}
AllowedClientTypes                   : Public, Confidential
ApplicationGroupIdentifier           : MyApp
ApplicationGroupId                   : 12...56
AlwaysRequireAuthentication          : False
ClaimsProviderName                   : {}
DelegationAuthorizationRules         :
Enabled                              : True
ImpersonationAuthorizationRules      :
IssuanceAuthorizationRules           :
IssueOAuthRefreshTokensTo            : AllDevices
IssuanceTransformRules               : @RuleName = "All"
                                       c:[]
                                        => issue(claim = c);
                                      
                                      
NotBeforeSkew                        : 0
Description                          :
PublishedThroughProxy                : False
RefreshTokenProtectionEnabled        : False
RequestMFAFromClaimsProviders        : False
ResultantPolicy                      : RequireFreshAuthentication:False
                                       IssuanceAuthorizationRules:
                                       {
                                         Permit everyone
                                       }
TokenLifetime                        : 0

Plus we have the legacy cmdlets from ADFS 3.0:

Get-AdfsClient

RedirectUri                          : {ms-appx-web://Microsoft.AAD.BrokerPlugin}
Name                                 : Windows Logon Client
Description                          : Client for Microsoft Windows Logon
ClientId                             : 38...93b
BuiltIn                              : True
Enabled                              : True
ClientType                           : Public
ADUserPrincipalName                  :
ClientSecret                         :
JWTSigningCertificateRevocationCheck : None
JWTSigningKeys                       : {}
JWKSUri                              :

Just remember that the clientID is auto-generated when you create one of these entries and the secret key can only be viewed once in the wizard during creation.

Plus there was this question over on the forum around scope:

In an ADFS Application Group, add Client Application/Permitted Scope to Web API with PowerShell

Grant-AdfsApplicationPermission -ClientRoleIdentifier $clientAppIdGuid -ServerRoleIdentifier $relyingPartyIdentifier -ScopeNames $theScopesYouWantAssignedTo

And remember you can get all the commands by:

get-command *adfsclient*

CommandType     Name                                               Version    Source
-----------     ----                                               -------    ------
Cmdlet          Add-AdfsClient                                     1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Disable-AdfsClient                                 1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Enable-AdfsClient                                  1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Get-AdfsClient                                     1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Remove-AdfsClient                                  1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Set-AdfsClient                                     1.0.0.0    ADFS

get-command *adfsnativeclient*

CommandType     Name                                               Version    Source
-----------     ----                                               -------    ------
Cmdlet          Add-AdfsNativeClientApplication                    1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Get-AdfsNativeClientApplication                    1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Remove-AdfsNativeClientApplication                 1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Set-AdfsNativeClientApplication                    1.0.0.0    ADFS

get-command *adfsserver*

CommandType     Name                                               Version    Source
-----------     ----                                               -------    ------
Cmdlet          Add-AdfsServerApplication                          1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Get-AdfsServerApplication                          1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Remove-AdfsServerApplication                       1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Set-AdfsServerApplication                          1.0.0.0    ADFS

get-command *adfswebapi*

CommandType     Name                                               Version    Source
-----------     ----                                               -------    ------
Cmdlet          Add-AdfsWebApiApplication                          1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Get-AdfsWebApiApplication                          1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Remove-AdfsWebApiApplication                       1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Set-AdfsWebApiApplication                          1.0.0.0    ADFS

get-command *adfsapplication*

CommandType     Name                                               Version    Source
-----------     ----                                               -------    ------
Cmdlet          Disable-AdfsApplicationGroup                       1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Enable-AdfsApplicationGroup                        1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Get-AdfsApplicationGroup                           1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Get-AdfsApplicationPermission                      1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Grant-AdfsApplicationPermission                    1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          New-AdfsApplicationGroup                           1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Remove-AdfsApplicationGroup                        1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Revoke-AdfsApplicationPermission                   1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Set-AdfsApplicationGroup                           1.0.0.0    ADFS
Cmdlet          Set-AdfsApplicationPermission                      1.0.0.0    ADFS

Enjoy!